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吉利德要求取消瑞德西韋孤兒藥資格

來源:Clindata 作者: 時間:2020-3-26 閱讀:


Gilead Sciences Statement on Request to Rescind Remdesivir orphan Drug Designation Gilead has submitted a request to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to rescind the orphan drug designation it was granted for the investigational antiviral remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 and is waiving all benefits that accompany the designation. Gilead is confident that it can maintain an expedited timeline in seeking regulatory review of remdesivir, without the orphan drug designation. Recent engagement with regulatory agencies has demonstrated that submissions and review relating to remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 are being expedited. 
In early March, Gilead sought and was subsequently granted an orphan drug designation for the remdesivir as a potential treatment for COVID-19. orphan drug designation is granted by the FDA in situations where the disease affects fewer than 200,000 patients in the United States. 
Among the benefits of orphan drug designation, this status results in a waiver of the requirement to provide a pediatric study plan prior to the submission of a New Drug Application – a process that can to take up to 210 days to review. 
Gilead recognizes the urgent public health needs posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.  The company is working to advance the development of remdesivir as quickly as possible, and will provide updates as they become available.


日前,吉利德科學公司的在研抗病毒療法瑞德西韋(remdesivir)獲得美國FDA授予的孤兒藥資格(orphan drug designation),適應癥為新冠病毒病(COVID-19)。這一消息引起了不少爭議,有些業界人士擔心孤兒藥資格可能會影響瑞德西韋的可及性。今日,吉利德科學(Gilead Sciences)公司發布聲明,宣布已經向美國FDA提出申請,要求 FDA收回授予瑞德西韋的孤兒藥資格,并且放棄與孤兒藥資格相關的所有優惠權益。

吉利德科學表示,有信心即使在沒有孤兒藥資格的情況下,仍能保持瑞德西韋監管審評過程的加速完成。近日該(gai)公司與監管(guan)機構的(de)(de)交流表明,與瑞德西韋(wei)治療COVID-19相關的(de)(de)申請(qing)和審評都將被加快(kuai)。

在(zai)3月初,吉利德(de)科學向FDA尋求(qiu)獲得(de)孤兒藥(yao)(yao)資格,開(kai)發瑞德(de)西韋作(zuo)為(wei)治療COVID-19的(de)潛在(zai)療法。孤兒藥(yao)(yao)資格是(shi)FDA鼓勵開(kai)發治療罕見病(bing)的(de)措(cuo)施之一,為(wei)醫藥(yao)(yao)公司開(kai)發在(zai)研療法提供多種(zhong)優惠政策。其中一項優惠是(shi)可以(yi)免(mian)去在(zai)新藥(yao)(yao)申請前遞交兒科研究計劃(pediatric study plan)。這(zhe)一過程的(de)審(shen)評時間可能長達(da)210天(tian)。

吉利德科學公司在聲明中表示:“ 吉利德認識到COVID-19大流行病帶來的緊急公共衛生需求。公司正在以盡可能快的速度推進瑞德西韋的開發。”

瑞德西韋是受到廣泛關注的(de)抗病(bing)毒在研療(liao)法(fa),它目前在6項(xiang)臨床試驗中接受檢驗,治療(liao)不(bu)同類(lei)型的(de)COVID-19患者。其中,在中國進行的(de)兩項(xiang)臨床試驗有望在4月份獲得(de)結(jie)果。

3月23日,FDA官網數據庫顯示,FDA授予吉利德科學(Gilead Sciences)公司開發的在研抗病毒療法瑞德西韋(remdesivir)孤兒藥資格(Orphan Drug Designation),其適應癥為冠狀病毒疾病2019(COVID-19)。

 


 

FDA的(de)(de)孤兒藥(yao)(yao)(yao)資格(ge)認定(ding)項目(mu)旨在促(cu)進(jin)治(zhi)療(liao)罕見疾病(bing)或(huo)狀況的(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物或(huo)生物制(zhi)品的(de)(de)開發(fa)。罕見疾病(bing)的(de)(de)定(ding)義是(shi)在美國患病(bing)人(ren)數小(xiao)于(yu)20萬人(ren)。獲得(de)孤兒藥(yao)(yao)(yao)資格(ge)的(de)(de)在研療(liao)法(fa)能(neng)夠(gou)獲得(de)一(yi)系列促(cu)進(jin)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物開發(fa)的(de)(de)優惠,其中重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)一(yi)條是(shi)如果(guo)該療(liao)法(fa)的(de)(de)孤兒藥(yao)(yao)(yao)適(shi)應(ying)癥獲得(de)批準,該藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物可以(yi)在這(zhe)一(yi)適(shi)應(ying)癥方面享有7年市場獨(du)占期(exclusivity)。意(yi)味著如果(guo)FDA批準瑞(rui)德(de)西韋(wei)用于(yu)治(zhi)療(liao)COVID-19,7年內其它醫藥(yao)(yao)(yao)公司開發(fa)的(de)(de)仿制(zhi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)不(bu)能(neng)在美國上市。除此以(yi)外,在藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物開發(fa)過程中,研發(fa)公司還能(neng)夠(gou)獲得(de)與合(he)格(ge)臨床測試相關的(de)(de)稅務抵免(mian),以(yi)及(ji)遞交新藥(yao)(yao)(yao)申請時特定(ding)費用的(de)(de)減免(mian)等其它優惠。

 

吉利德科學公(gong)司開發的(de)(de)瑞德西(xi)韋近來成(cheng)為(wei)大家關注(zhu)的(de)(de)熱點藥(yao)物(wu)。它是一(yi)款抗病毒(du)療(liao)法(fa),其(qi)作用機制為(wei)抑制RNA依賴性RNA聚合(he)酶(mei)的(de)(de)活性,從而抑制RNA病毒(du)的(de)(de)增殖。目前,吉利德公(gong)司正在進展(zhan)6項(xiang)臨床試(shi)(shi)驗,檢驗瑞德西(xi)韋治療(liao)不同類型(xing)的(de)(de)COVID-19患者的(de)(de)療(liao)效。其(qi)中,在中國進行的(de)(de)兩(liang)項(xiang)臨床試(shi)(shi)驗有望在4月獲得結果。

 

為了(le)滿足(zu)可能出(chu)現的未來需求,該公司已經擴大瑞德(de)西韋的生產能力,并且將生產兩(liang)種瑞德(de)西韋的配方(液(ye)體和凍干(gan))。昨日,該公司表示(shi),目(mu)前正在(zai)將提供個人同(tong)情使用(compassionate use)緊急通道過渡到(dao)擴展使用項(xiang)目(mu)(expanded access programs),這種方法將加速(su)重(zhong)癥患(huan)者(zhe)獲得瑞德(de)西韋的機會(hui),并能夠收(shou)集(ji)所有參與患(huan)者(zhe)的數據。這些項(xiang)目(mu)目(mu)前正在(zai)與全球各國監管機構聯(lian)合快速(su)開發。


3月18日,眾所期待的洛匹那韋-利托那韋治療新冠臨床試驗結果,在《新英格蘭醫學雜志》上發布,結果讓人失望,在重癥患者中,與常規治療相比,研究未能觀察到洛匹那韋-利托那韋治療的有效性。





2月初,旨在(zai)評估洛匹那韋(wei)-利托那韋(wei)治療新冠的(de)臨床試驗,在(zai)武漢(han)金(jin)銀潭醫(yi)院開展(zhan)。


試驗(yan)共(gong)納入199名新(xin)冠病毒確診(zhen)患者,隨機接受常(chang)規治療(liao)組(zu),和常(chang)規治療(liao)加匹那韋(wei)-利托那韋(wei)治療(liao)。臨床改善和病毒清除情況(kuang)是兩個關鍵指標,結果(guo)顯示:


臨床癥狀改善:兩組患者出現臨床狀況改善中位時間相同,均為16天。洛匹那韋-利托那韋組與常規治療組患者的風險比為1.31(95% 置信度,0.95-1.80),未能表現出顯著差異。



病毒清除情況:與常規治療組相比,洛匹那韋-利托那韋沒有降低病毒RNA載量,也無法縮短檢出病毒RNA的時間。試驗結束時(第28天),洛匹那韋-利托那韋組有40.7%的患者仍可檢出新冠病毒RNA,和常規治療組無差異。


此外(wai),在安(an)全(quan)性(xing)方面,洛(luo)匹那韋(wei)-利(li)托(tuo)那韋(wei)組患者出現了(le)4起胃腸道嚴重不良事件(jian)(包括惡心、嘔吐和腹瀉),而常規治療組未發生胃腸道嚴重不良事件(jian)。


綜合結果是:和常規治療相比,洛匹那韋-利托那韋治療,在改善臨床癥狀和清除病毒方面并無優勢,還有可能增加不良反應。



關于洛匹那韋-利托那韋


洛匹那韋-利托那韋,商品名克力芝,2000年(nian)獲FDA批準上(shang)市,用于治療(liao)艾滋病(bing)。


在此前的SARS疫情和MERS疫情爆發后(hou),洛匹(pi)那韋(wei)-利托那韋(wei)都作為有潛力的治療藥物,但在臨床試(shi)驗中,都沒有產生確鑿的有效證(zheng)據。

針對COVID-19,洛匹那韋-利托那韋還是無效。現在,只能期待瑞德西韋臨床數據了。

關于二期請點擊:


以下是三(san)期臨床試驗方案:




Arm         Intervention/treatment        
Experimental: Remdesivir (RDV), 5 Days

Participants will receive continued standard of care therapy together with RDV 200 mg on Day 1 followed by RDV 100 mg on Days 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Drug: Remdesivir

Administered as an intravenous infusion

Other Name: GS-5734™


                     Drug: Standard of Care

Standard of care therapy per local written policies or guidelines


                 
Experimental: Remdesivir, 10 Days

Participants will receive continued standard of care therapy together with RDV 200 mg on Day 1 followed by RDV 100 mg on Days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Drug: Remdesivir

Administered as an intravenous infusion

Other Name: GS-5734™


                     Drug: Standard of Care

Standard of care therapy per local written policies or guidelines


                 
Active Comparator: Continued SOC Therapy

Participants will receive continued standard of care therapy.

Drug: Standard of Care

Standard of care therapy per local written policies or guidelines

Outcome Measures


 

Primary Outcome Measures :

  1. Proportion of Participants Discharged by Day 14 [ Time Frame: First dose date or randomization date up to 14 days ]


               

Secondary Outcome Measures :

  1. Proportion of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events Leading to Study Drug Discontinuation [ Time Frame: First dose date up to 10 days ]

Eligibility Criteria


Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No

           

Criteria

   

Key Inclusion Criteria:

  • Willing and able to provide written informed consent prior to performing study procedures

  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test ≤ 4 days before randomization

  • Currently hospitalized with fever defined as temperature ≥ 36.6 °C armpit, ≥ 37.2 °C oral, or ≥ 37.8 °C rectal

  • Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) > 94% on room air at screening

  • Radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates

Key Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participation in any other clinical trial of an experimental treatment for COVID-19

  • Concurrent treatment with other agents with actual or possible direct acting antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 is prohibited < 24 hours prior to study drug dosing

  • Requiring mechanical ventilation at screening

  • Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) &gt; 5 X upper limit of normal (ULN)

  • Creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min

Note: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply.


Brief Summary:

 

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 2 remdesivir (RDV) regimens compared to standard of care (SOC), with respect to the time to discharge in participants with moderate coronavirus disease (COVID-19).


     

Condition or disease       Intervention/treatment       Phase      
COVID-19              Drug: Remdesivir               Drug: Standard of Care              Phase 3

Study Design 




Study Type : Interventional                 (Clinical Trial)
EstimatedEnrollment : 600 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: A Phase 3 Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Antiviral Activity of Remdesivir (GS-5734™) in Participants With Moderate COVID-19 Compared to Standard of Care Treatment
Estimated Study Start Date : March 2020
Estimated Primary Completion Date : May 2020
Estimated Study Completion Date : May 2020


Arms and Interventions

Arm         Intervention/treatment        
Experimental: Remdesivir (RDV), 5 Days

Participants will receive continued standard of care therapy together with RDV 200 mg on Day 1 followed by RDV 100 mg on Days 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Drug: Remdesivir

Administered as an intravenous infusion

Other Name: GS-5734™


                     Drug: Standard of Care

Standard of care therapy per local written policies or guidelines


                 
Experimental: Remdesivir, 10 Days

Participants will receive continued standard of care therapy together with RDV 200 mg on Day 1 followed by RDV 100 mg on Days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Drug: Remdesivir

Administered as an intravenous infusion

Other Name: GS-5734™


                     Drug: Standard of Care

Standard of care therapy per local written policies or guidelines


                 
Active Comparator: Continued SOC Therapy

Participants will receive continued standard of care therapy.

Drug: Standard of Care

Standard of care therapy per local written policies or guidelines

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

  1. Proportion of Participants Discharged by Day 14 [ Time Frame: First dose date or randomization date up to 14 days ]

   
               

Secondary Outcome Measures :

  1. Proportion of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events Leading to Study Drug Discontinuation [ Time Frame: First dose date up to 10 days ]

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No

           

Criteria

   

Key Inclusion Criteria:

  • Willing and able to provide written informed consent prior to performing study procedures

  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test ≤ 4 days before randomization

  • Currently hospitalized with fever defined as temperature ≥ 36.6 °C armpit, ≥ 37.2 °C oral, or ≥ 37.8 °C rectal

  • Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) > 94% on room air at screening

  • Radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates

Key Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participation in any other clinical trial of an experimental treatment for COVID-19

  • Concurrent treatment with other agents with actual or possible direct acting antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 is prohibited < 24 hours prior to study drug dosing

  • Requiring mechanical ventilation at screening

  • Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 5 X upper limit of normal (ULN)

  • Creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min

Note: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply.


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